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The Republic of Estonia (European countries) Satellite maps

The name: the Republic of Estonia (The Republic of Estonia)Independence Day: February 24 (February 24, 1918 from the rule of tsarist Russia)The restoration of independence: August 20 (August 20, 1991 from the Soviet Union)Victory Day: June 23 (1919 military victory against Germany)Flag: a horizontal rectangle, the length and width ratio of 11:7.Flag of three parallel horizontal rectangle connected to the same components, from top to bottom were blue, black and white colour.Blue symbol of national independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity; black symbol of wealth, the national symbol of fertile land and rich mineral resources; white symbol of good fortune, freedom, light and purity.This is the flag of 1918 on the formal used.Estonia became in 1940 the former Soviet Union republics, since 1945 have used the upper Wu Jiaoxing and sickle and hammers logo, the lower part of a white, blue, red corrugated red flag as the national flag.1988 restoration of the original flag, now the national flag.National Emblem: In order to shield logo.Yellow shield Hengzhi surface of the three blue lions.Lions red tongue out, tail raised.Shield emblem from accessories to help child care.National political figures: President-elect Thomas亨德里克伊尔韦斯 (Toomas Hendrik Ilves), 2006年9 he was elected; President Arnold Ruutel (arnold ruutel), 2001年9 he was elected and took office in October.Physical Geography: an area of 45,200 square kilometers.The Baltic Sea in the east coast, the Northwest Council of Riga Bay, the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Finland, Latvia border with the South East, East Russian sector.A coastline of 3,794 km.In the terrain Diping, between low hills, an average elevation of 50 meters.Many lakes and marshes.Major rivers have Narva River, sending Ernu River, Aimaieji River.Chude's largest lake is Lake and Lake Wo Erci.An oceanic climate, the cold winter average temperature of 1, 2, -5 ℃, the hottest summer in July the average temperature of 16 ℃, the average 500-700 mm of precipitation.Population: 1361000 (2002).Estonia were a Finno-Ugric peoples.Estonia account for 67.9 percent, Russians accounted for 25.6 percent and the rest for the Ukrainian and Belarus, and other family.Christian residents of more than Ludejiaopai.Estonian as the official language.The urban population accounting for 70 percent of the total population.Capital: Tallinn (Tallinn), a population of about 400,000 (2002).Tallinn city divided into eight areas, a total area of 158.3 square kilometers.Love the restoration of independence in 1991 after becoming the capital.Tallinn city in the northwest love, the brink of the Baltic Sea, history, once connected, and South Eastern Europe, the Nordic traffic要冲, known as "the crossroads of Europe", the Tallinn port city of love is the biggest port.Obviously the impact of marine climate, cool spring weather, warm and humid summer and autumn, winter cold Duoxue, with an average annual temperature 4. 7 ℃.Administrative regions: the National is divided into 15 provinces, a total of 254 small cities and towns, provinces were as follows: Xiyou Province, to stay in Kazakhstan, La Pula province, Saleh province, in the Adriatic - Wei Lu province, according to - Wei Lu Province, Ya Erwa Province, Viljandi Province, Ye covered in tile, Tartu Province, Wei Lu province, Waer Jia Province, Beier Wa Province, Paer Nu Province and the Adriatic introspection.A brief history: Estonia people from ancient times to the present living in the territory of Estonia.10-12 century AD, Estonia into the southeastern Ross Kiev, Yaroslav the Wise in 1030 in Estonia Yuri told a City (now the Tartu).The formation of the Estonian nation 12-13.Estonia has the early 13th century by the German Order of the Danish people and the occupation.The mid-13th century to the mid-16th century, Estonia was the German Crusaders conquered and become part of legislation Waterloo Caledonia.16 end of the century, the territory of Estonia by Sweden, Denmark and Poland to carve up.Mid-17th century, Sweden occupied the whole of Estonia.1700-1721 years, Bidetaidi in order to win the Baltic to the sea, and Sweden for a long time, "the North War," the final defeat of Sweden, forcing Sweden signed "Nishentate Peace Treaty", Gezhan Estonia, Estonia then incorporated into Russia .November 1917 the establishment of Soviet power.February 1918, throughout the territory of Estonia by the German military occupation.The same year on November 29, the Soviet Red Army liberated Estonia part of the territory, the city set up in the Navajo Estonia labor Corporation (Soviet Republic).January 1919 communes were subversive.May the same year Estonia was proclaimed the Democratic Republic of the bourgeoisie.The Republic of February 2, 1920 with the Russian Federation signed in Tartu Su Ai treaty, Russia's "voluntarily and permanently" to give up its territory and people of Estonia's sovereignty rights.February 24, 1920, Love announced that from the Soviet regime.August 23, 1938 signing of a nonaggression treaty Sood secret provisions of the Protocol, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania to the Soviet sphere of influence.In September, the Soviet Union and Estonia signed mutual assistance treaties, the provisions of Estonia to the Soviet Union to provide military bases, allowing the Soviet troops.June 1940, the Soviet Union under the 1939 Molotov - Ribbentrop Luofu secret agreement to send troops Estonia, on July 21 the establishment of the Estonian Soviet Socialist republics; August 6 Estonia joined the Soviet Union.June 22, 1941, the German attack the Soviet Union, Estonia was occupied by Germany three years in Germany as part of the Eastern Province.November 1944 the Soviet Red Army liberated Estonia.November 15, 1989, the Estonian Supreme Soviet declared that the 1940 Estonia joined the Soviet Union's declaration is invalid.March 30, 1990, the restoration of the Republic of Estonia.August 20, 1991, love formally declare independence.In September 10, would love to join the OSCE, September 17 to the United Nations.Politics: implementation of the separation of powers of parliamentary democracy.State supreme power belongs to the people, independence and sovereignty is supreme and inalienable.Parliament is supreme, implementation of a hospital system, a four-year term, the President the power to sign laws, decrees and to the Supreme Soviet by heads of government candidates.Main functions: by law; decision referendum and elected the President of the Republic; approved or announced the abolition of diplomatic treaties; authorized the Prime Minister to form a government; adopted and approved the national budget; decision on the Government of the Republic, the Prime Minister and Minister of no confidence vote in a national emergency declared State solution under the Constitution the president, government, other state organs or local governments outside the terms of reference of all the problems.Over 21 years of age and have elections for the civic-election can be.A multi-party system and democracy as the characteristics of the Western parliamentary system.Heads of Government (Prime Minister) appointed by Parliament, ministers nominated by the Prime Minister, subject to parliamentary approval.The Judiciary is divided into three levels: national courts, district courts, the Court of urban and rural areas, all the judges elected by the parliament.The Constitution provides for the establishment of Justice positions, responsible for monitoring and arbitration boards, the central and local governments promulgated by laws with the Constitution.Economy: the more developed industry and agriculture.Lack of natural resources, forest cover 1814600 hectares, the total area of the occupied territories 43%.A major mineral oil shale (reserves of about 6 billion tons), phosphate rock (reserves of about 4 billion tons), limestone, and so on.The main industrial sectors are machinery manufacturing, wood processing, building materials, electronics, textiles and food processing industry.Agriculture mainly to the livestock industry, mainly feeding cows, beef cattle and pigs; major crops: wheat, rye, potatoes, vegetables, corn, flax and fodder crops.Tourism, transport and transit services, and other pillar industries continued to grow.November 13, 1998 accession to the WTO.2001 love for the 830 million U.S. dollars foreign exchange reserves, per capita GDP of 4,004 U.S. dollars.Military: President is the Supreme Commander of Armed Forces, National Defense Commission President defence affairs is the highest advisory body, the Department of Defense is the implementation and enforcement of national defense policy department.IDF commander of the army's supreme commander.National implementation of compulsory military service, the service period of 8-12 months.Press and Publications: major newspapers: "Postman" and "Estonia Daily," "News", major news agency "the Estonian news agency."Seven television stations in six of the private, a total of 27 radio stations, one for the state-owned, 26 private.Foreign Affairs: to join the European Union and NATO as the key point, while maintaining the Nordic and Baltic countries and the traditional cooperation between the three countries, and efforts to ease relations with Russia.Relations with China: September 11, 1991, Estonia establish diplomatic relations with China.August 2005, President Ruutel of Estonia on a state visit to China.Reproduced: http://news.xinhuanet.com/ziliao/2002-06/01/content_418816.htm

The Republic of Estonia geographical coordinates (Google maps satellite map Landmark) finishing date: (2006/9/30 11:15:00)
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