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Country: Japan (Japan)The name of the Interpretation: sunrise of the country; Fitch said: Sakura StatesFlag: the sun flag and a rectangular, long and wide ratio of 3:2.Face for the white flag, a red on a median.White symbol of integrity and purity, red symbol of good faith and enthusiasm.Japanese word meaning "sunrise of the country," Japan is the legend created by the sun god, the emperor is the son of Helios, the sun comes from this flag.National Emblem: round, decorated with 16 yellow chrysanthemum petals logo.Chrysanthemum logo is also Royal Royal Emblem on the logo.National Anthem: "Kimigayo substituting"Flowers: cherry blossomsState bird: Green PheasantState stone: small crystalMajor festivals: the Emperor's Birthday: December 23 (Emperor Akihito was born on December 23, 1933) click more>>Tokyo's bustling pedestrian streetPhysical Geography: Located in the Pacific West Bank, is an extension of the arc northeast southwest island.West at the East China Sea, Yellow Sea, the Korea Strait, the Sea of Japan and China, North Korea, South Korea, Russia, the sea.Land area of 377,880 square kilometers, including Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu four major islands and more than 6,800 other small islands.The territorial sea area of 310,000 square kilometers.And the Russian presence, "the four northern islands" (the Russian side called "Southern Kuril Islands") territorial dispute, South Korea and Takeshima there (South Korea called "Dokdo") territorial disputes.Mountains and hills of the total area of 71%.There are more than 160 at the volcano, which is more than 50 active volcanoes, famous for the world's earthquake zone.Mount Fuji is the country's highest peak, 3,776 meters above sea level.Hot Springs throughout the country.River flow in the short, the longest Shinano River about 367 km.Lake Biwa is the largest lake, covering 672.8 square kilometers.As is located surrounded by the sea, a maritime temperate monsoon climate, all year round mild and humid, no cold winter and summer without the heat.Summer and fall more typhoons, more than the rainy season in June.January average temperature in northern -6 ℃, the southern 16 ℃; 7月north of 17 ℃, the southern 28 ℃.700-3500 mm in precipitation, up to 4,000 mm and above.Hiroshima Peace ParkPopulation: 1.2705 million (as at March 31, 2006).Nationalism and religion: the main ethnic group as Japan, the Hokkaido region of about 24,000 Ainu people.Universal Japanese, a small region of Hokkaido Ainu people.For the major religions of Buddhism and Shinto, the religious beliefs of the population were 49.6 percent of the population and 44.8 percent.Capital: Tokyo (Tokyo), a population of about 12.29 million (as at February 2003).Tokyo, January average temperature 3 ℃, 8月temperature of 25 ℃.State symbols: Emperor Akihito (Akihito), 1989年1月enthronement, Nian Hao "Heisei."Japanese Prime Minister royal advisory body to allow female succession to the throne reportState leaders: Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, in September 2006 representation; Senate President Chikage Ogi, the July 2004 election, the House of Representatives Speaker Yohei Kono, in November 2003 representation.Administrative Division: Japan's all, Road, House, the county is parallel to an SAR, directly under the Central Government, but all are, Road prefectures have autonomy.1 are divided into the country (Tokyo: Tokyo), 1 Road (Hokkaido: Hokkaido), 2 House (Osaka: Osaka, Kyoto Prefecture: Kyoto) and 43 counties (province), under the cities, towns and villages.His office called "Office", "Office of all," "Road Office," "House Chamber", "County Office", the Chief Executive called the "governor."Each, Road, House, the county under a number of cities, towns (equivalent to China's town) and village.His office said "Office", "City Hall" and "Town Hall", "Village Hall", the Chief Executive called the "mayor" and "head of the town", "village head."43 counties are: Aichi, Miyazaki, Akita, Nagano Prefecture, Aomori and Nagasaki, Chiba, Nara Prefecture, Fukui, Niigata, Fukuoka, Oita, Fukushima, Okayama, Gifu, Saga, Ehime, Okinawa, Gunma, Saitama, Hiroshima, Shiga, Hyogo, Shimane, Ibaraki, Shizuoka, Ishikawa, Li Mu, Iwate, Tokushima, Kagawa, Tottori, Kagoshima, Toyama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Wakayama and Kochi, Yamagata, Kumamoto, Yamaguchi, Mie, Yamanashi Prefecture and Miyagi Prefecture.Kyoto: Japan and the cradle of culture and the artsA brief history: the mid-4th century AD, Japan reunification of the country ─ ─ and the country.5 in the early 1900s, and the country's development to its peak period, the forces have expanded to the southern Korean peninsula.Dahuagexin occurred in 645 AD,律令system modelled on Tang dynasty, established the emperor as the absolute monarch of the centralized state system.Year 12 by the end of the century samurai class into the grasp of the military power of feudal country, Shicheng "Shogun" period.The mid-19th century, Britain and the United States, Russia and other countries forced many of Japan's signing of unequal treaties, the intensification of ethnic conflicts and social contradictions, implement policies of the feudal lock the Tokugawa shogunate rule shaken, with capitalist reforms were thinking of the strength of local and long Satsuma , The two-fan, "Zunwangrangyi", "Fuguojiangbing" under the slogan of inverted screen.1868, innovations were the "Meiji Restoration" and the abolition of the feudal separatism screen-fan system, and establish a centralized national unity and restore the supremacy of the rule of the emperor.After the Meiji Restoration, Japan's rapid capitalist development, external aggression and expansion gradually embarked on the road.In 1894, Japan launched the Sino-Japanese War; provoked Russo-Japanese War in 1904; misappropriation of North Korea in 1910.In 1926, Emperor Hirohito accession to the throne, Japan entered the Showa era.Japan's defeat in World War II, August 15, 1945 declared its unconditional surrender.The early post-war U.S. occupation of Japan alone.May 1947 implementation of the new constitution, by the absolute Tennoism countries became a national symbol of the emperor for the parliamentary cabinet system countries.By the atomic bombing of Hiroshima by the atomic bombing of NagasakiConstitutional and political: the "Constitution of Japan" on May 3, 1947 implementation.The Constitution stipulates that the state implement the legislative, judicial and administrative basis for the separation of powers for the parliamentary cabinet system, the Emperor of Japan and the symbol of the Japanese people in general, the right to participate in state affairs; "forever renounces the use of state power to wage war, or threat of force The use of force as means of settling international disputes, to achieve this goal, Japan does not maintain land, sea, air and other forces of war and does not recognize the right of belligerency of the state "(No. 9).Pan said the Congress Parliament from the public, the Senate consists of two houses, as the supreme organ of power and the only legislature.House of Representatives quota 480, a four-year term.Congress can no confidence in the Cabinet, the prime minister the right to early dissolution of the House of Representatives re-election.Senate quota 242, a six-year term, the election of half of every three years, half-way shall not be dissolved.In power, the House of Representatives than the Senate.The annual January to June is usually held Congress, for a period of 150 days, the other time under the need to convene the National Assembly and the Special Congress.Cabinet for the country's top executive, in charge of Congress, by the Prime Minister (Prime Minister) and in charge of Gesheng Ting (ministries) of the minister.Prime Minister nominated by the Congress, the appointment of the emperor, other cabinet members from the appointment and removal of the Prime Minister, Emperor certification.Japanese government after the implementation of administrative reform and government agencies for a House 12 ministries and agencies.Japan's judicial power belongs to the Supreme Court and the subordinate courts at all levels.The "four 3-trial system."Supreme Court to the Court of Final Appeal to hear the "unconstitutional" and other major cases.High Court is responsible for the second trial, the country established a total of four.All are, Road, House, a County District Court are located (Hokkaido located 4), responsible for the first trial.Throughout the country also has the Family Court and the Summary Court, responsible for civil penalties and a fine of not more than the criminal litigation.Supreme Court Chief Executive (president) from the cabinet nomination, the appointment of the emperor, 14-matter (judges) appointed by the cabinet, subject to review national referendum.Other levels of the judges of the Court by the Supreme Court nomination, the cabinet appointed for a term of 10 years, renewable.Judges at all levels of non-formal impeachment, shall not be removed from office.Prosecutors and the four corresponding to the Court, divided into a maximum prosecution, the higher the prosecution, local prosecutors, district (town) the prosecution.Prosecutor divided into chief procurator (Attorney General), the long seizure, seized thing (the director of Higher prosecution), seized thing (director of the local prosecutors said the seizure things are), Deputy things such as the seizure.Seizure of things over the appointment of officials from the Cabinet.The Minister of the chief procurator has the right to command.November 22, 2005, Japan's ruling Liberal Democratic Party formally announced its proposed amendment to the constitution draft, the core content of the current constitution was abandoned in Japan may not have the armed forces of the three armed services, and other important requirement for the Japanese Self-Defense Force Upgraded to the AUC, AUC and provides for "ensuring international peace and international cooperation activities."Liberal Democratic Party won, "Post election," electionJapan's political parties: the post-war Japan, "party politics", representatives of different classes and sectors of the various political parties have been restored or established.Congress currently participate in the activities of the major political parties are the Liberal Democratic Party, the Democratic Party, New Komeito Party, the Japanese Communist Party, the Social Democratic Party, New Conservative Party.>>Economy: Japan is an economic power.Lack of mineral resources, except coal, zinc reserves, to a certain extent, the majority rely on imports.Main resources relied on imports to the extent that: coal 95.2 percent, 99.7 percent of oil and natural gas 96.4 percent, 100 percent of iron ore, copper 99.8%, 100% of bauxite, lead ore 94.9 percent, 100 percent of nickel ore, phosphate rock 100%, 85.2% zinc ores.Forest area of 25.26 million hectares, accounting for 66.6 percent of the total area, but 55.1 percent dependent on imported timber, is the world's largest country imports of timber.Water is rich in resources, the total hydropower generating capacity of about 12 percent.Coastal fishing is rich in resources.A highly developed industry, is the main pillar of the national economy, industrial output value of gross domestic product accounted for about 40 percent, mainly concentrated in the Pacific Rim, Keihin, Kobe, Kyoto and in Kitakyushu for the four traditional industrial areas in the north after the Kanto , Chiba, the Seto Inland Sea and Gulf of Suruga, and other emerging industrial zone.Japan from the 20th century the 1950s established the foundation of the development of trade policy."Entry", the Japanese began to acquire and the other parties to the same equal status.MFN status in accordance with the basic principles of GATT, with the majority of countries and areas of free trade, Japan's foreign trade continued to expand the scale to create a favorable international market conditions.Since then, Japan's foreign trade growing rapidly, mainly targeted at U.S. trade, Asian countries and EU countries.Japan's fiscal year from the year April 1 to March 31 next year.2002 gross domestic product of about 4.2 trillion U.S. dollars, per capita GDP of about 32,900 U.S. dollars.Japan's currency>>>Japan's Okinawa Prefecture, Nago CityMilitary: After the Second World War, the U.S. and Japan implemented a separate military occupation, the dissolution of all of Japan's old army.After the outbreak of the Korean War, U.S. support for Japan's military development.Japan's basic defense policy are: peace constitution, the implementation of the defense, upholding the Japan-US security system to ensure that civilian rule and abide by the three non-nuclear principles, the controlled strengthen defense forces.1976 formulated the "National Defense Program Outline" and raised the overall vision and expansion of defense policy: to maintain a balanced development of the defense posture, to uphold the quality of the founding principles of independence so that it can cope with limited small-scale war.To 1990 has basically reached the outline set by the indicators.December 1990, Japan's cabinet meeting approved the new "interim defense force reorganization plan" (1991-1995), provides five years of total military spending for 22.75 trillion yen, the focus is on quality, improve the level of weapons and equipment And strengthening logistics, intelligence, communications building, greater commitment of U.S. forces in Japan, and so on.November 1995 the Japanese government approved a total amount of about 25.1 trillion yen for a period of five years, the new "National Defense Program Outline."December 2000, the Japanese Government has developed a new defense force reorganization plan (2001-2005), total funding of up to 25.16 trillion yen.1954 promulgated the "Defense Agency" and "Self-Defense Forces Law," the formal establishment of land, sea and air forces to form the Self-Defense Force and the establishment of the Defense Agency.Cabinet Prime Minister of Self-Defense Force has the highest command to supervise.In 1956 the establishment of national defense meeting.July 1986, "Security Council" to replace the original "national defense meeting" to deal with various unexpected incidents and with all the major national security matters, chaired by the Prime Minister.Defense Agency under the Office of the Prime Minister, Chief Executive of the civilian, the Prime Minister's life, through land, sea, air force chief of staff (Chief of Staff) commander in chief of army, navy and air Self-Defense Force.Integration aides Conference (Joint Chiefs of Staff) is the defense minister, the auxiliary body responsible for the formulation and adjustment of the three armed forces operations, training and logistical plan to collect military intelligence analysis.March 27, 2006, the Japanese Defense Agency set up a unified command land, sea and air Self-Defense Force's integration aide to Supervisor Division (South Korea Joint Chiefs of Staff), replace the last meeting of the integration aides.Japan's land, sea and air Self-Defense Force's chief of staff, respectively, over the past obey the defense minister, command, the SDF to their respective orders.The future, the union chief of staff, will be under the authority of the Defense Agency Chief Executive, the unified command of army, navy and air Self-Defense Force, and "emergency" situation under a "unification task force" to the implementation of a ballistic missile defense, large-scale earthquake disaster relief, international relief missions.SDF implementation of the voluntary military service.Ground Self-Defense Force service period of 2-3 years, Sea and Air Self-Defense Force for three years.I hope that under the service period can be extended once (2).2003 annual military budget of about 4.8 trillion yen, accounting for the total budget was 81.7891 trillion yen of 6%.June 2006, the Japanese government through the upgrading the Defense Agency to ministry of defense bills and submitted to Congress to consider.Japan's SDF will greatly reduce the existing equipment by the Japanese cabinet meeting the new "National Defense Program Outline" and other plansTokyo street, two dressed in traditional costumes of the Japanese children are feeling by owls to the fun.Education: Primary school system for six years, three years junior high school, high school three years, four years of university, college for two years to three years.Implementation of nine-year compulsory education.University of National University, public universities and private universities.Japan is a country attaches great importance to education, the status of teachers is very high, there are the famous National University of Tokyo University, Kyoto University, Waseda University and Keio University, and so on.Press and Publications: comprehensive, there are 121 newspapers.National influential newspapers commonly known as the six reported: "Asahi Shimbun", "Yomiuri Shimbun", "Daily News", "Japan's Sankei Shimbun", "Tokyo", "Japanese Economic News."The issue of the three major local newspaper: "China and Japan", "Hokkaido Shimbun", "West Japan Press."More influential magazine: "the central public opinion", "Japanese economy", "The Economist", "Spring and Autumn Arts."Radio and television stations and nearly 200.National TV and radio companies are: Japan Broadcasting (NHK), 1952 set up a semi-official nature of the Tokyo Broadcasting Corporation (TBS), 1951 was set up in Japan, television broadcasting network company (NTV), 1953 was established.In addition to the Japanese Broadcasting Association, the other television broadcasting companies are private.Kyodo News of Japan's largest news agency, Kyodo news agency referred to.Jiji News Agency is Japan's second largest news agency, referred to Jiji Press.A Geisha in trainingGeisha face-to-face with JapanGeisha in the history of the contributionsCulture: Japan's unique geographical conditions and a long history bred a unique Japanese culture.Sakura, kimono, haiku and samurai, Sake, a traditional Shinto Japan's two aspects - Chrysanthemum and the Sword.In Japan there are the famous "3", that is, the Japanese people of the tea ceremony, Hua Dao, the Road.Japanese CustomsAlso called the tea ceremony tea (tea), as a beauty since ancient times on the upper reaches of the ceremony are very popular.Now, the tea ceremony to be used as training concentration, or for training ritual behavior, for the general public are widely accepted.Japan has many schools teach the techniques of the tea ceremony schools, many hotel also has a teahouse, you can easily enjoy the tea ceremony performance.Huadao as a tea room in the reproduction of wild flowers in full bloom techniques born.The display of the rules and methods are different, Huadao can be divided into more than 20 schools in Japan, there are many schools teach the techniques Huadao schools.In addition, hotels, department stores and public facilities such as the hall of places, you can enjoy the beautiful flower arrangements decorative arts.Sumo comes from the Japanese Shinto religious ceremony.People in the pantheon of gods for the harvest held game, hoping to bring a good harvest.And peace in Nara period, the palace to watch sumo wrestling is a sport, and to the Kamakura period of the Warring States Period, sumo to become part of samurai training.18th century rise of the professional sumo sport, and now it is very similar to the sumo competition.Shinto ceremony that sumo sport, game ceremony before the Duojiao (Sigu) the purpose is to venues in the increasingly taking Egui, also play a role in relaxing the muscles.On the venue would also like to spread salt to achieve the objective of purification, because the Shinto doctrine that salt can drive away ghosts.Sumo Competition on the table.The entire table for the square, as the central circle, its diameter of 4.55 meters.Competition, the two Guinness beam Fa Shuji, the lower body of a soliciting zone, almost naked power game.Competition, in addition to Guinness feet may not touch on any part of the table surface, but also may not exceed the circle.Competition in 12 minutes or even a few seconds, the outcome will be decided.Sumo referee from a total of six persons.The referee from carrying folding fans, "Secretary to" serve as the stage, the remaining five were on the front, east, west and at the magistrate.Hercules is the highest level "Yokozuna."Below are the mark, the Commissioner of threat, Summary, the former neck, the four level is known as the "curtain", belonging to the top of the soil.Once again is 12, under the screen, in addition there are more low-level Sandanme, the sequence of the three.I called a minimum order.An ordinary Guinness to a higher grade is the need to spend very vigorously, not through hard work, in order to obtain the lowest grade, but also impossible.Kimono is a traditional Japanese national costume call.Japan also said it "fixtures."Kimono is modelled on China's Sui and Tang dynasties-service reforms.Year 8-9 century, Japan had once prevalent, "Tang wind" clothing.Although changes in Japan after the formation of a unique style, but still contains some of China's ancient clothing characteristics.Women's kimono style and color difference is the age difference between marriage and whether or not the signs.For example, unmarried girls wear tight sleeves, suits, married women wear clothes, Kuanxiu; comb "Shimada"-style hair (one of the Japanese-style hair, a bowl-shaped), Chuanhong shirt from the girl, a round of the comb Ji, wearing the shirt is plain housewife.Kimono no buttons, just a knot belt.Many types of belt, knotting the methods are different.Wider use of a knot method called "Taiko Guitar", in the bottom knotting the belt, a pad of paper or cloth to do Xinzai, looking like a square box.This is what we often see the kimono behind the decorations.As knotting very cumbersome, the war has emerged with a ready-made guitar "improvement zone" and "cultural zone."Although the Japanese daily clothing has long been replaced by suits, but in the wedding celebrations, the traditional Huadao, tea ceremony and other grand social occasions, the kimono is still recognized will Chuan Lifu.Judo in the world wide reputation.Judo is not the basic principles of attack, but a use of each other's forces of the Body, judo belt home with the level of the color (primary: white / Advanced: black) said.Kendo is important from the warrior skills derived out of fencing in the Japanese fencing.Competition, in accordance with strict rules, dressed in special protective equipment, with a thorn Zhudao among each other's head, torso and hand fingertips.Karate is the Ryukyu Kingdom (now Okinawa) imported from China fighting the Japanese movement.Karate-do not use any weapons, use only straight and feet, compared with other fighting sports, with actual combat is a very meaningful forms of exercise.Aikido practice for the original is only a "form" of the movement, whose basic philosophy is to not use force to confront forces.And sports such as judo and karate, reflecting no rough sense of aikido as a spiritual exercise and fitness, very popular among the elderly and women welcome.Japanese Noh artSakai重在Tokyo-performing NohJapanese Noh art master Sakai-weight (left) in Tokyo, its own stage makeup for actorJapan's traditional drama - to the Japanese Noh drama of traditional drama, is the world's oldest existing one of the drama.Noh originated from the ancient form of dance drama and the 12th century or 13th century in Japan, the shrine and temple festivals held in various drama."Capability" to have the skills or significance.Actor through facial expressions and body movements that the essence of the story, but it is not shown.Now this Operas in Japan still has a strong vitality.Sushi (Sushi) is sashimi, the Health and shrimp, fish meal as raw materials of Health, supported by fine white rice, vinegar, seafood, horseradish, Niecheng rice balls after eating a food.Many types of sushi, no less than several hundred, all regions of the sushi also have different characteristics.Most rice is to use Jiacu modulation, and then package volumes fish, meat, eggs, seaweed or be Doupi.To eat sushi, drink green tea or sake in Japan, do not have some flavor.Japanese gift-giving practices will be seen as gifts to each other that the material of mind.Li is not thick, properly presented to the other side will be impressed.Japanese send gifts to choose appropriate, China's Wenfangsibao, celebrities Crafts, crafts, and so the most popular, but the size of Crafts should not be too large.Gifts sent by the packaging can not be hasty, even a box of tea should also be careful care.Chinese gifts pairs, the Japanese bullet Oujiu surprising then, usually with 1,3,5,7, and so odd, but taboo to the "9", because in Japanese "9" and the pronunciation of "hardship" the same.According to Japanese custom, to personal gifts to be in private, the public should not be sent.Japanese green taboo.Do not like the lotus, like cherry, turtles and ducks.Attractions: Mount Fuji (Fuji Mountain) located in south-central Honshu, 3,776 meters above sea level, is Japan's highest peak, the Japanese Bong as the "Holy Mountain" is the symbol of the Japanese nation, about 80 kilometers away from Tokyo, cross-Shizuoka, Yamanashi County, the area To 90.76 square kilometers.Ticheng the entire cone-shaped mountain, Peak nival.Fuji surrounded by Jianfeng, White Mountains, to be long-Yue, dainichigatake, Izu Yue, achievements mountain, Mt such as Yue and three "eight-Fuji."Mount Fuji area also has fantasy travel Museum, insect museum, the Office of Natural Science, Kistler Museum, Fujitsu museums, large-scale Science Museum, Botanical Garden, Wild Bird Park, Yehou Park and all kinds of sports, entertainment and other places.Located in the summit on the Shengmiao ─ ─ to be long-Asama shrine and the shrine is the Fuji Hakone Izu National Park's main scenic spots>>Tokyo Tower (Tokyo Tower) in downtown Tokyo, built in 1958, the tower 333 meters high, the highest this independent Japan with Tokyo Tower top seven television stations, 21 television stations and radio stations transit, such as the radio transmitter antennas.In the 100 meters high, built a two-story-story observatory in the 250 meters high, also has a special observatory.Observatory floor of the four sides are large windows, window outward tilt.Looking at the stage overlooking the Tokyo cityscape, the city's landscape panoramic view.Tap the bottom of the Eiffel Tower Building, first floor for the rest room, second floor, there are shopping malls, the third floor is the size of the first Habitat Japan and the Far East Wax Museum, is the fourth floor of the Museum of Modern and television studio, the fifth floor of the radio transmitters> >Tang move to Temple (Toshodai Temple) in the city of Nara Tang Temple to move by the Chinese monk of Tang Dynasty monk Jianzhen personally built, is the Japanese Buddhist temple Lvzong the total, this is China's Tang Dynasty architectural style of buildings were identified as Japanese David.Monk Jianzhen the Tang Dynasty (AD 688-763), 6th Dongdu Japan, in the balance-word 2003 (AD 759) to begin building, about 770 AD to be completed.Red banners on the temple door, "Tang move to Temple" is the Japanese Hau-him Her imitation Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi book by the font.Temple, pine green, quiet courtyard, the temple many, the scale of the times auditorium, Jietan, Nara period (710-789 AD), the latter part of Jintang, the Kamakura period (AD 1185 an 1333) of the Gulou, hall and After the scale of the Buddha, Faqi and scrolls.Mikage, Tang Qian die east have Jianzhen tomb, the hospital has planted in pine trees from China, osmanthus, peony, peony, "Sun Wenlian," "Tang Lin Monastery to move", "Tang move to Temple Qinglian," "Dance Lin Fei, "and" Japan-China friendship between the Lotus "and the Yangzhou Jo Chiung-Hua, and other flowers were flowers vary>>Masters history: Abe Nakamaro (AD 698-771): Chinese name Chaoheng (or in the value), in the year 717, with Japan sent to China to study Tang, after the Tang Dynasty from the Secretary of Sanpin supervisor and Wei Wei Qing, good at poetry The text.AD 753, with the removal Tang would like to return home to visit relatives, promised Emperor Xuanzong and his life to return envoy.He wrote a "Xianming also Zuoshi country", he presented a friend of the Tang dynasty.Tang and his removal Ambassador Fujiwara Qinghe, Gongcheng a boat for home.Chuanshan the Yangtze River Estuary, he look up to the moon, wrote a "look rural poetry."Later, due to hurricane at sea, the ship lost, drift to the South China Sea area.Finally, he returned to China, continue to serve in the Tang dynasty.AD 771, in the death of Chang'an, the age of 73-year-old.Toyotomi Hideyoshi (Toyotomi Hideyoshi, 1537 ~ 1598): Japan's Warring States Period, end of feudal lords, the reunification of the country's武将.Mei Zhang, born in the village (this is a Nagoya).SEI wood, Gaixing Hashiba, Cixing Toyotomi.Zhang Daming early as the end of (feudal lord) of the Department of Oda Nobunaga, repeated construction Zhangong.1577 reunification of the country began a long letter of the war he served as Zheng Xi pioneer in China (now the western region of Honshu), Shikoku, Kyushu, such as directing operations, has put down Harima (now the southern Hyogo Prefecture), by the former (now the southern Okayama Prefecture) , The United States for (now the northern part of Okayama Prefecture), Tajima (now the northern part of Hyogo Prefecture), the banner (now the eastern part of Tottori Prefecture) the five countries.1582 offensive in China, surrounded by Takamatsu City (near the city of Okayama in this), with the Maori's decisive battle.In a long letter to the Department of Akechi Mitsuhide was killed, and the Maori's spoken, Huishitaofa Guangxiu, and Yong Sun Xiuxin Ericsson Changyou to heirs.However, the Department of Chaitian long letter home to Ericsson-long three-letter filial piety.1583, Xiuji the Battle of Shizugatake-family and the eradication of the coalition letter filial piety.In built Osaka Castle, Japan as a unified base.1584 and the second son of a long letter and the letter-Tokugawa Ieyasu, the coalition forces fighting in the small animal husbandry, make peace after the defeat, and Kang-alliance, established Oda Nobunaga heir status.1585 annual rate of 100,000 troops put down the four countries lords Chosokabe, as Commissioner of white (the emperor supporting the highest official dealing with the Chief).Too political and concurrently Minister of the following year, control of military and government power.1587 Xingbing 300,000 ahead of the Satsuma (now Kagoshima Prefecture west) and then put down Kyushu.1590 mobilized 260,000 troops out Hojo, Ping Ting Yu Austria, Japan to complete the great cause of reunification.1591 will enable customs posts to the white adopted son of the show, claiming "Taiko."1593 will be officially included in Japan's Hokkaido territory.1592 and 1597 twice sent troops to the Korean aggression (see North Korea Imjin Patriotic War).August 1598 failed because of Qin Zhao, depressing death.Ruling, the measure of agricultural land, by Jiagong rent; collection of weapons, the implementation of farmers, soldiers separated from common currency, the abolition of barriers, set up centralized feudal lords rule, screen-fan system to lay the foundation.Fukuzawa Yukichi (1834-1901): Modern Japanese outstanding Enlightenment thinker and educator, Japan one of the founders of modern civilization, known as "Japan's Voltaire."His early years studying in Europe and America, by modern science and the influence of Western bourgeois democracy, returning after a lifetime in education and translation activities for the dissemination of Western culture, and promote the development of capitalism in Japan have made great contributions.10,000 yen notes on the portrait of his 56-year-old when the photographs.Ito Hirobumi (1841-1909): Japanese politicians.Cheung Chau (now Yamaguchi Prefecture) people.Fan disabilities who, when young people participate in the "Zunwangrangyi" campaign.1863 British study to study the Navy, after returning home in the inverted-screen movement.Meiji government set up after the founding policy advocates.Europe and the United States in 1882-1883 to study the Constitution, returning after leading the formulation of the Japanese Imperial Constitution (1889 promulgated), four from the 1885 Japanese Prime Minister, Foreign pursues aggressive expansion policy of aggression against China during the Sino-Japanese War is the main plotters and the , After the war was the president of Taiwan Affairs.In 1909 China's Harbin station was re-root of the Korean Patriot stabbed.Natsume Soseki (Natsume Souseki ,1867-1916): Modern Japanese Literature on behalf of the writer.Natsume Soseki in 1867 was born in Edo (Tokyo), is the home of the young son, from the Han culture interested in the House legislation in a reading three years later, the two-to Sinology Keio Society.He formed the Confucian ethics and Japanese aesthetic sense.18 years of age to enter university matriculation.22-year-old re-Gaixing summer heads, stone, Shu.24-year-old entered the Tokyo Imperial University English Department, then started pessimistic Yanshi, graduate schools, suffering from a severe nervous breakdown.Meiji 28 years, he suddenly resigned from the Graduate School of the work of the four countries to do a Pine Tree Hill School English teachers.Pine Tree Hill in the year, a collection of fiction, "Shaoye" material.The following year, to Kumamoto, where marriage and living for four years.Meiji 33 years, as the Ministry of Education to students studying abroad in London.Meiji 36 years to return to Tokyo, from the beginning a lot of literary creation.Released the "I Am a Cat" and "grass pillow" and other works.His work is full of humor, enjoy in the United States and the world, known as "余裕camp."Gastric ulcer in 1916 because of the death.Was known as the "national writer" Natsume Soseki is also the critics, haiku, artists, academics.The'000 yen banknotes printed on his head.Yasunari Kawabata (Kawabata Yasunari, 1899 ~ 1972): Japan is that contemporary novelists.Born in Osaka.Parents died young, after the grandparents and sister have also died.Depression alone with his life, as reflected in his works.Chinese professionals in the University of Tokyo study, reopened to participate in the "new ideas" (No. 6) magazine.1924 graduation.The same year and first-class cross-Lee founded the "era of art" magazine, after the birth of this new feeling to send one of the central figures.New feeling to send the decline, to participate in the emerging Art Nouveau and the new psychological literature movement, life's creation more than 100 articles, more than in the short length.Fu lyrical works, the pursuit of life into the United States, and by the impact of Buddhist thought and nihilism.Early the following number of women as the hero of novels, writing and the purity of their misfortune.The latter part of some works written between close relatives, and even the elderly Love psychological metamorphosis, showing decadent side.Famous for novels "Izu dancers" (1926) describes a high school student, "I" and the sentimental and stray unfortunate life.'s "Snow Country" (1935 ~ 1937) describes the bottom of the snow female body and the spirit of the purity of the U.S., and author of the deep sense of emptiness.Kawabata served as vice president of International PEN, Japan, such as the T president.1957 was elected member of Japan Art Institute.Winner of the Japanese Government's Cultural Medal, the French government, such as the Medal of culture and the arts.1968 Nobel Literature Prize.1972 suicide death of the studio.In 1972, Mao Zedong met with visiting Kakuei Tanaka and Masayoshi OhiraDiplomacy: In recent years, Japan was all aggressive diplomatic posture.Active power diplomacy and more reliance on the United States, strengthening the Japan-US security cooperation, while working to stabilize relations with China, deepen relations with ASEAN, to strengthen EU relations, to improve Japan-Russia and Japan-North Korea relations.Active participation in regional and international political, economic and security affairs, and strive to become a permanent member of UN Security Council.Relations with China: September 29, 1972, China and Japan sign the "Sino-Japanese Joint Statement" and to realize the normalization of diplomatic relations, in January the following year, setting up embassies.China in Osaka, Fukuoka, Sapporo and Nagasaki, Japan in Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenyang and Hong Kong respectively set up consulates general.Japan set up in Dalian in the Office of the Chinese Consulate General in Shenyang, Chongqing has Embassy consular offices.August 12, 1978, the two countries signed the "Sino-Japanese Treaty of Peace and Friendship", the same year in October Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping visited Japan, the two sides exchanged the "Sino-Japanese Treaty of Peace and Friendship" of ratification.November 1998, President Jiang Zemin paid a state visit to Japan, this is the first time a Chinese head of state to visit Japan, China and Japan issued a "commitment to peace on the establishment and development of the friendly and cooperative partnership between the Joint Declaration."The development of the three political documents is the cornerstone of Sino-Japanese relations China has become Japan's largest trading partners of Sino-Japanese relations

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